The term ARI (acute respiratory infections) refers to infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract, which are transmitted by airborne droplets.
With the viral nature of the disease, it is called SARS (acute respiratory viral infection). Given that cases of acute respiratory infections are mainly caused by viral infections, these terms are often considered identical.
ARVI (ARI) in children - causes
The most common causative agents of acute respiratory infections (ARVI) are influenza viruses, parainfluenza, MS infections, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses. Each of them is characterized by primary sedimentation and reproduction in the cells of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, after which they die, and inflammation develops. The main route of transmission is airborne.
ARVI (ARI) in children - symptoms
The main symptoms of acute respiratory infections (ARVI) occur due to damage to the respiratory tract and are expressed in a runny nose, sore throat, hoarseness, cough. Also, all types of the disease are characterized by general intoxication of the body: fever, muscle pain, weakness, etc.
Each type of disease has its own specific symptoms:
Influenza - begins acutely, manifesting itself as high, up to 39-40 ° C, which does not subside from 3 to 5 days. It is accompanied by general intoxication of the body, runny nose. Perhaps the appearance of cough, laryngitis, tracheitis. Lymph nodes increase only in case of complicated course. Influenza is dangerous for various complications.
Parainfluenza - begins acutely, but it is not characterized by high temperature and general intoxication of the body. It is accompanied by a dry, barking cough, hoarseness, severe runny nose. Parainfluenza is dangerous because of the possibility of developing croup (a strong narrowing of the larynx).
MS infection - characterized by acute onset, temperatures up to 38 ° C, which lasts from 3 to 7 days, a slight general intoxication of the body. It is accompanied by dry cough with severe difficulty breathing. It can be complicated by bronchitis, obstruction of the bronchi, as well as the development of bronchopneumonia or exacerbation of bronchial asthma.
Adenovirus infection - begins acutely, manifesting itself as high, up to 38-39 ° C, which can last up to 10 days, then falling, then rising again. It is accompanied by a growing wet cough. The occurrence of severe runny nose, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia. It is usually characterized by an increase in cervical lymph nodes.
ARVI (ARI) in children - treatment
On the recommendation of the World Health Organization, SARS with mild and moderate SARS do not require specific treatment, except for the relief of symptoms with "home" remedies. However, for severe forms, emergency therapy is needed, for bacterial ARI - antibiotic treatment. However, the use of any medications for children is possible only after prescribing them by your doctor.
In the early days of the disease, the use of antiviral agents and interferons (for example, Anaferon for children) is effective.
Selecting medications for children is not easy, since many of the drugs that adults successfully use are contraindicated in babies, or do not have all the necessary properties. For example, such an important property as repair is the ability to restore integrity and strengthen the mucous membrane of the baby’s nasopharynx.
It is known that most often it is through the nasopharynx, along with breathing, that viruses and bacteria of diseases transmitted by airborne droplets penetrate the child’s body, primarily ARI and influenza. Much of the condition of the mucosa determines whether viruses and bacteria can invade the body. Therefore, it is important that the cold remedy for the baby possesses not only antiviral and immunomodulatory, but also a reparative (restoring) effect. The Derinat drug, which is intended for the prevention and treatment of colds in children from the first day of life, and adults, fully possesses all these properties.
Derinat in the form of nasal drops is especially convenient for the smallest children and is often able to prevent SARS in both a child and adult family members. If a cold is accompanied by sore throat, then Derinat Spray will help to transfer it easier, it is possible to do without complications, which means without antibiotics and recover much faster.
The use of antibiotics in the treatment is advisable only with the development of bacterial complications (sinusitis, otitis media, pneumonia, bronchitis, etc.). To prevent the development of such complications is the main task of parents who care for a sick baby. You should carefully monitor the development of the disease.
As a rule, treatment of acute respiratory infections (ARVI) does not require hospitalization. To recover, the baby should ensure compliance with bed rest, enhanced nutrition and a plentiful drink, consisting of herbal teas, cranberry-honey juice, juices, etc. With a strong dry cough, antitussive drugs should be used.
When the cough becomes wet, you need to take care of sputum discharge, replacing antitussive with expectorant. If necessary, measures are taken to lower the temperature, and, depending on the condition of the child, the treatment is supplemented with inhalations, warming procedures, and vitamin therapy.
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